Life-threatening disturbance of metabolism most often seen in uncontrolled diabetes.

Uncontrolled diabetes and high blood sugar can cause dehydration, a buildup of acids known as ketones, changed breathing, coma and death. The buildup of ketones is known as ketoacidosis. Ketoacidosis may be the first sign of diabetes, especially type 1, in young people.

Early symptoms include extreme thirst, excess urination, fruity breath and confusion.

Emergency treatment replaces fluids and electrolytes and lowers blood sugar.